Plantago maritima L.

Taxon Identity and Growth Form

Plantago maritima L. is a herbaceous perennial plant that grows a dense rosette of sessile leaves (leaves without petioles).

Leaf Dimensions

Each leaf is linear, 2–22 cm (0.8–8.7 in) long and less than 1 cm (0.4 in) broad.

Leaf Texture and Morphology

It has a thick, fleshy texture, an acute apex, and a smooth or distantly toothed margin, with three to five visible veins.

Flower and Stem Characteristics

Small greenish-brown flowers with brown stamens grow in a dense spike 0.5–10 cm (0.2–3.9 in) long, held at the top of a stem that reaches 3–20 cm (1.2–7.9 in) tall.

Coastal Distribution and Habitat

Across most of its range, this species is strictly coastal, and grows in sandy soils.

Alpine Habitat Range

In some areas, it can also be found in alpine habitats along mountain streams.

Physiological Research

Aspects of this species' physiology and metabolism have been studied, with specific documented research on how its metabolism changes when exposed to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations.

Leaf Uses

Similar to samphires, the leaves of Plantago maritima L. are harvested to be eaten either raw or cooked.

Seed Uses

Its seeds are also eaten raw or cooked, and can be ground into flour.