Epipedobates machalilla (Coloma, 1995)

Species Nomenclature and Sexual Size Dimorphism

Epipedobates machalilla (Coloma, 1995) is a small poison dart frog species with distinct size differences between males and females. Males measure 14.4 to 16 millimetres (0.57 to 0.63 inches) in snout–vent length, while females range from 15.0 to 17.6 millimetres (0.59 to 0.69 inches).

Head Structure

This species has heads that are longer than wide, with a small tympanum.

Forelimb Structure

Forelimbs are moderate in length, and the fingers are unwebbed.

Hind Limb Structure

Toes lack lateral fringes, and their terminal discs are expanded.

Dorsal Coloration

The dorsal skin is dark-coffee, marked with a cream-yellow or cream-white stripe that develops pinkish tones toward the posterior end.

Limb Coloration

Upper surfaces of the hind legs are light brown, while the forelegs are orange.

Iris and Ventral Coloration

Individual frogs have a gold iris and cream-colored ventral body surfaces.

Species Endemism and General Habitat

This species is endemic to western Ecuador, where it inhabits dry and low elevation forests.

Distribution Range

It is primarily found in the provinces of Azogues, Bolívar, El Oro, Guayas, Los Rios and Manabí, and has also been recorded in the Choco rainforest.

Altitudinal Range

It occurs at altitudes ranging from 10 to 515 metres (33 to 1,690 feet).

Population Threats

Its populations have recently declined as a result of agricultural activity and logging.

Protected Area Occurrence

At least three protected areas within its range host the species: Parque Nacional Machalilla, Reserva Jouneche, and Reserva Ecológica Manglares Churute.