Symphodus mediterraneus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Scientific Classification and Native Range

The axillary wrasse, scientifically named Symphodus mediterraneus, is a species of wrasse native to the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Its range in the eastern Atlantic extends from the Azores and Madeira to the coasts of Portugal and Morocco, and it also occurs throughout the coastal waters of the Mediterranean Sea.

Habitat and Depth Range

This species lives in eelgrass beds at depths between 1 metre (3.3 feet) and 50 metres (164.0 feet).

Size

It can grow to a maximum standard length of 18 centimetres (7.1 inches), though most individuals do not grow longer than 12 centimetres (4.7 inches).

Human Uses

This species is used as a food fish by local human populations, it is also targeted as a game fish, and it is sold in the aquarium trade.

Adult Distribution and Social Structure

Adult axillary wrasses are found mainly in eelgrass beds, and they often occur in pairs.

Breeding Nest Building

Males of this species build nests for breeding.

Diet

Their diet consists mainly of mollusks including gastropods, bivalves and chitons, as well as tubicolous worms, sea urchins and bryozoans.

Reproductive Traits

This species is oviparous, and has distinct pairing behaviour during the breeding season.