Microsciurus alfari (J.A.Allen, 1895)

Microsciurus alfari, commonly called the Central American dwarf squirrel, is not as small as its name suggests. Its body dimensions are close to those of red and gray squirrels, with a head-and-body length of approximately 15 cm (5.9 in) and a 12 cm (4.7 in) long tail.

Coloration

Most of its body is dark olive-green and brown, with a reddish-brown head. The undersides of its head and limbs range in color from yellowish grey to tawny grey.

Native Range

This species is native to Colombia, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama.

Habitat Preferences

It typically lives in tropical rainforests, and prefers dense mature forest, especially areas with vines in the undergrowth that let it descend to the ground and escape predators quickly.

Social Traits

Central American dwarf squirrels are generally very shy and solitary.

Activity Patterns

They are primarily diurnal, but hunters have observed some individuals active at night, indicating they may also have some degree of nocturnal activity.

Evasion Abilities

Their small size, dull coloration, and speed make them difficult to locate, catch, or even observe.

Diet

Their diet is thought to be similar to that of most common herbivores, and consists of seeds, grains, and nuts—including nuts from the ivory-nut palm, the tree that this squirrel often inhabits.