Microlophus jacobii (Baur, 1892)

Common Name and Activity

Microlophus jacobii, commonly known as the Santiago lava lizard, is a diurnal lizard species that is present year-round in its range.

Habitat

These lizards inhabit rocky volcanic areas, dry shrubland, and grassland on their native islands.

Thermoregulation Behavior

To avoid midday heat, they typically shelter in shade during midday hours. They spend nights under the soil, among rocks, or within leaf litter.

Diet

This species feeds on both plant material including leaves, fruit, and seeds, and insects.

Predators

Native predators of the Santiago lava lizard include Thomas's racer, while invasive human-introduced threats include black rats.

Predator Escape Behavior

To escape predators, these lizards run and hide in rock crevices, and will also climb into the abandoned nests of Santiago Island giant tortoises.

Distribution Range

This species is endemic to Santiago, Rábida, Bartolomé, and six surrounding islets located in the central Galapagos archipelago. The entire global range of this species adds up to an estimated 463 km².

Reproduction Type

Santiago lava lizards are oviparous.

Nesting and Egg Laying

Females dig nests in sandy areas near rocks or vegetation, and lay 1 to 3 eggs per clutch. Females guard their nests to protect them from predators and other interfering females.

Courtship and Territoriality

During courtship, males perform push-up displays and fight with other males to claim and hold territory.