Melanophryniscus stelzneri (Weyenbergh, 1875)

Size

Melanophryniscus stelzneri grows to approximately 3.8 cm (1.5 in), and females of this species are typically larger than males.

Initial Discovery Location

This species was first discovered in Córdoba, Argentina.

Distribution

Currently, its confirmed range covers the Córdoba, San Luis, and Salta Provinces of Argentina, and its range may also extend into Bolivia.

Terrestrial Habitat

Melanophryniscus stelzneri lives in grasslands that have rocky outcrops.

Breeding Habitat

Its reproduction occurs in shallow ponds, streams, bogs, and even roadside ditches.

Wild Toxicity

In the wild, members of the genus Melanophryniscus (including M. stelzneri) are toxic.

Diet and Toxin Origin

The natural diet of M. stelzneri consists mainly of mites and ants, and it is thought that the species' toxins are derived from alkaloids present in this natural diet.

Aposematic Coloration

M. stelzneri has a bright, distinct color pattern that functions as aposematism, a warning signal to predators.

Captivity Toxicity

When held in captivity, this species loses its toxicity.