About Pyrocephalus rubinus nanus Gould, 1839
This subspecies, Pyrocephalus rubinus nanus, is commonly known as the scarlet flycatcher. Adults measure about 14 cm (5.5 in) in length, and weigh between 12 and 15 g (0.42 to 0.53 oz).
Adult males have an intense poppy red coloration on the forehead and crown, extending down to the eye. Their lores and ear coverts are dark grayish brown, forming a distinct "mask". The nape, upperparts, and tail are blackish, while the rump is blackish brown. The wings are blackish, with paler edges along the coverts and tertials. The lower face, throat, and underparts are a slightly lighter poppy red than the crown, and sometimes have an orangey tinge.
Adult females have a grayish brown head with grayish lores and an indistinct whitish supercilium. The back and rump match the grayish brown color of the head, while the uppertail coverts and tail are a duskier grayish brown. The wings are mostly a darker grayish brown than the back. The throat and underparts are dull white with grayish brown streaks across the entire area, and the belly sometimes has a pale yellow tinge.
Both sexes have a dark brown iris, a brownish black bill, and blackish to brownish black legs and feet.
Year-round, this scarlet flycatcher occurs from southeastern Colombia east across central Brazil, and south from there through eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, eastern Bolivia, and southern Brazil into northern Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay. It inhabits semi-open to open landscapes, including open woodland, edges of denser woodlands, pastures with scattered trees, and agricultural areas.
