About Phoenicurus erythrogastrus (Guldenstadt, 1775)
Güldenstädt's redstart, with the scientific name Phoenicurus erythrogastrus, is also commonly called the white-winged redstart. It is a bird species that belongs to the genus Phoenicurus in the family Muscicapidae. This species occurs in high mountains of the southwestern and central Palearctic, specifically in the Caucasus, Karakoram, Pamir, Himalaya, Tian Shan, and Altai, across the countries of Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bhutan, China, Georgia, India, Iran, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. It ranks among the largest redstart species, measuring 18 cm (7.1 in) in length and weighing 21–29 g (0.74–1.02 oz). Adult males have black upperparts, with the exception of a white crown, a white wing patch, and an orange-red tail. On the underparts, the throat and upper breast are black, while the remaining underparts are a rich orange-red. Females and immature males have brown upperparts, orange-buff underparts, and an orange-red tail. It breeds at high altitudes between 3,600–5,200 m (11,810–17,060 ft) in alpine meadows and rock-fields. In winter, it moves to slightly lower elevations of 1,500–4,800 m, where it is found mainly in subalpine Hippophae scrub. Some populations, most notably the northernmost population in the mountains surrounding Lake Baikal, migrate farther to reach northeastern China. Güldenstädt's redstart feeds on fruit and a wide variety of invertebrates.
