About Lycalopex sechurae (Thomas, 1900)
Lycalopex sechurae, commonly known as the Sechuran fox, is a small canid species. Adults weigh between 2.6 and 4.2 kg (5.7 to 9.3 lb), with a head-and-body length of 50 to 78 cm (20 to 31 in) and a tail length of 27 to 34 cm (11 to 13 in). Most of its body has gray agouti fur, which fades to white or cream on the underparts. It has reddish-brown markings on the back of the ears, around the eyes, and on the legs, a dark grey muzzle, a grey band across its chest, and a black-tipped tail. It has small teeth adapted to feed on insects and dry plants, while retaining fox-like canine teeth, and this species has 74 chromosomes. Within the Lycalopex genus, the Sechuran fox is not strikingly distinct from other species, though it does have measurable morphological differences. It is the smallest Lycalopex species, and lacks red body fur unlike other species in the genus. Dental features show potential adaptive changes: fossil molars of L. sechurae are longer than molars from more modern specimens. The species' versatility likely contributes to its survival. When conditions allow it is omnivorous, but it can also survive entirely on a vegetarian diet. Researchers have suggested that this shift toward vegetarianism may explain the observed decrease in molar size over time. The Sechuran fox is also thought to be able to survive without water for long periods, an adaptation to the low water availability of its native habitats; this ability is uncommon among mammals. As of yet, no specific maximum duration of survival without water has been recorded in scientific literature, and more research is needed to confirm this trait. The species was first identified in the Sechura Desert, and currently inhabits arid environments in southwestern Ecuador and western Peru. It occurs at elevations from sea level up to at least 1,000 metres (3,300 ft), and may live at much higher elevations. Within its range, it has been recorded from the western Andes foothills down to the coast, occupying deserts, dry forests, and beaches. No subspecies of the Sechuran fox are currently recognised.
