About Helianthus strumosus L.
Helianthus strumosus, also commonly called pale-leaf sunflower or woodland sunflower, grows from a rhizomatous root system, and reaches 3 to 8 feet in height. It is the most variable species among sunflowers, which can make it difficult to distinguish. Several features can be used to identify it: its petioles reach 1 inch in length; its leaves tend to be thick, narrower than leaves of other sunflower species, and white on the undersurface; and its stem is distinctly smooth. Its flower head has a yellow center, surrounded by a variable number (usually 8 to 20) of yellow ray florets.
Helianthus strumosus is widely distributed across North America. It occurs in central and eastern parts of the United States, and in southeastern Canada. While it can grow in wetlands, it is found more regularly in non-wetland areas. It typically grows in moist to moderately moist sites with soil ranging from sandy to loamy sandy. It can grow in natural, disturbed, and man-made habitats, and its populations can quickly become dense. Its seeds require a minimum of 30 days of cold stratification before they can germinate.
Only the roots of Helianthus strumosus are edible. Boiling the roots produces a liquid that has been used to treat worm infestations in both adults and children. An infusion made from the roots can also be used to help with lung-related problems. Oil extracted from the seeds of this sunflower can be used for cooking and for making soap.
