Fejervarya limnocharis (Gravenhorst, 1829)

Snout Morphology

This frog species, Fejervarya limnocharis, has a pointed snout that projects beyond the mouth. Its canthus is obtuse, and its loreal region is oblique and more or less concave.

Head Spacing Measurements

The internarial space is longer than the interorbital width, and interorbital width is much smaller than the width of the upper eyelid. The tympanum is distinct, and measures half to two-thirds the diameter of the eye.

Finger Morphology

Its fingers are obtusely pointed; the first finger is longer than the second, and its subarticular tubercles are very prominent. The tibiotarsal articulation reaches the tympanum or naris.

Toe Morphology

Its toes are obtuse or have slightly swollen tips, and are half webbed; the subarticular tubercles are small and prominent.

Dorsal Body Texture

The body has small tubercles, and sometimes small longitudinal folds are present.

Ventral Body Texture

The ventrum is smooth, except the posterior portions of the belly and thighs, which are granular.

Male Secondary Sexual Traits

Males have a loose gular region with a brown or blackish W-shaped mark, stronger fore limbs, and pad-like subdigital tubercles under the first finger.

Body Size

Snout-vent length ranges from 39 to 43 mm.

Dorsal Base Coloration

In coloration, the dorsal surface is gray brown or olive, sometimes suffused with bright carmine.

Head and Vertebral Markings

There is a V-shaped dark mark between the eyes, and a yellow vertebral stripe is present in most individuals.

Limb Markings

The lips and limbs are barred, with a light line running along the calf. The lateral sides of the thighs are yellow and marbled with black.

Ventral Coloration

The ventrum is white, and the male's throat is mottled with brown.

Species Complex Status

This species forms a species complex with several genetic variants that may represent multiple distinct species.

Native Distribution Range

Fejervarya limnocharis inhabits parts of Southeast Asia and Indochina.

Misidentification History

Earlier misidentifications led to erroneous extralimital reports of this species from South Asia. According to the Amphibian Species of the World, records of this species outside of Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Burma, Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam almost certainly represent other species.

Malaysian Plantation Habitat

In Malaysia, Fejervarya limnocharis is one of the few frog species commonly found in oil palm plantations, alongside Microhyla heymonsi and Hylarana erythraea.