About Euphorbia verrucosa L.
Scientific name: Euphorbia verrucosa L.
Synonyms and their details: Euphorbia verrucosa var. velutina Boiss. in Candolle, Prodr. 15: 129. 1862. It was later re - named as E. flavicoma var. velutina (Boiss.) Breistr. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Lett. Bot. 128: 69. 1981. The localities cited in the protologue are βIn littore Genuensi (DC!) et prope Sasrzana (Bertol.!)β. Euphorbia ericetorum Zumagl., Fl. Pedem. 2: 163. 1864. It has been re - named multiple times: Galarrhoeus ericetorum (Zumagl.) Gand., Fl. Eur. 20: 85. 1890 and Tithymalus ericetorum (Zumagl.) SojΓ‘k in Δas. NΓ‘r. Mus., Odd. PΕΓr. 149: 210. 1980 (β1981β). Euphorbia flavicoma [unranked] costeana Rouy, Fl. France 12: 149. 1910. It has also been re - named as E. costeana (Rouy) P. Fournier, Quatre Fl. France: 270. 1936 and E. flavicoma subsp. costeana (Rouy) Greuter & Burdet in Willdenowia 11: 278. 1981. The lectotype, designated here, is [France: H. Coste β Plantes de France] βEuphorbia flavicoma DC. var. depauperata Coste / Aveyron: Firmy, serpentines du Puy - deWolf. 450 m.β, 24 Apr 1907, H. Coste s.n. (LY barcode LY 0001737!). The image of the lectotype is available at https://explore.recolnat.org/occurrence/F93DA16E775C414B96DA8C9B8D654E8C. Euphorbia verrucosa var. viridis Erdner in Ber. Naturwiss. Vereins Schwaben 39 β 40: 569. 1911.
Description: It is a glabrous or sometimes pubescent perennial. It is (6.5) 20 β 41.5 (49) cm tall, with usually several stems that are (6.1) 17.9 β 39.0 (42.5) cm high and (1) 1.5 β 3 mm thick, arising from a woody stock. The middle stem leaves are oblong - elliptic, measuring (6.6) 14.4 β 32.4 (39.2) Γ (3.1) 5.8 β 10.3 (13) mm. They are (1.9) 2.1 β 4.0 (4.5) times longer than wide, widest at (0.3) 0.4 β 0.6 of the length, with an attenuate to rounded basis and an acute, rarely obtuse apex with a tip angle of (46) 55 β 108 (120)Β°. The leaf margin is serrulate, with 0 β 19 (27) teeth along a 5 - mm section just below the tip. The teeth are 0.04 β 0.1 (0.6) mm long and up to 0.21 (0.32) mm wide at the basis. The leaves are glabrous or hairy, with 0 β 32 (63) hairs per mmΒ² at the upper surface of the distal half of the leaf. The terminal rays are five or rarely three, four, or six, (4) 7.1 β 36.5 (59) mm long, 1 β 2 times dichotomous, and (0.2) 0.5 β 2.5 (3.2) times longer than ray leaves. The ray leaves are elliptic to ovate, (7.1) 11.6 β 21.4 (31.8) Γ (3.9) 6.7 β 11.4 (12.5) mm, (1.3) 1.5 β 2.5 (3) times longer than wide, widest at (0.3) 0.4 β 0.6 (0.7) of the length, with an attenuate to rounded basis and a broadly acute, rarely obtuse apex with a tip angle of (46) 62 β 118 (140)Β°. The raylet leaves are orbicular - ovate to broadly ovate, (3.7) 7.2 β 14 (19.6) Γ (2.7) 4.5 β 9.5 (13) mm, (1.1) 1.3 β 1.8 (2) times longer than wide, widest at (0.2) 0.4 β 0.6 (0.7) of the length, with a rounded basis and a broadly acute to obtuse apex with a tip angle of (72) 100 β 160 (200)Β°. The cyathial involucre is campanulate, (1.0) 1.4 β 2.6 (3.3) Γ (1.0) 1.2 β 2.0 (2.9) mm, (0.6) 0.9 β 1.6 (1.8) times longer than wide, with transversely elliptic glands (0.3) 0.4 β 0.7 (1.0) Γ (0.6) 1.2 β 1.4 mm, (0.3) 0.4 β 0.7 (0.8) times longer than wide. The capsule is subglobose, shallowly trilobate, (1.1) 1.5 β 3.0 (3.7) Γ (1.0) 1.7 β 3.5 (4.2) mm, (0.7) 0.8 β 1 (1.1) times longer than wide, widest at 0.3 β 0.6 (0.7) of the length, with warts 0.2 β 0.6 (0.8) Γ 0.1 β 0.3 (0.5) mm, (0.8) 1.1 β 3.1 (4.8) times longer than wide, widest at 0 β 0.7 (0.8) of the length. The styles are (0) 0.2 β 0.7 (0.9) mm long. The seeds are ovoid - ellipsoid to ellipsoid, smooth, greyish, rarely brownish, (1.4) 1.6 β 2.0 (2.7) Γ (0.8) 1.5 β 1.9 (2.0) mm, (0.4) 0.9 β 1.2 (1.4) times longer than wide, widest at (0.3) 0.4 β 0.5 (0.6) of the length. The caruncle is kidney - shaped or semi - hemispherical, (0.3) 0.4 β 0.5 (0.7) Γ (0.5) 0.6 β 1.0 (1.1) mm, (0.4) 0.5 β 0.8 (0.9) times longer than wide and widest at 0 β 0.5 (0.7) of the length. The chromosome number is 2n = 14.
