About Euophrys frontalis (Walckenaer, 1802)
Female Euophrys frontalis have a total body length of 3.4 to 4.4 mm. Their cephalothorax is brownish, with darker sides and a distinctive pattern. Their opisthosoma ranges from yellowish-brown to dark brown and bears pale markings. The front section of the opisthosoma has a characteristic light-colored cardiac mark that extends backwards, flanked by dark lateral stripes. The epigyne has a distinctive structure with rounded openings. Males are slightly smaller, with a total body length of 3.4 to 4.3 mm. The male cephalothorax is generally darker than that of females, and often appears almost black with metallic reflections, especially around the eye region. A male’s first pair of legs is noticeably thickened and darkened; this is a typical characteristic of male jumping spiders that is used in courtship displays. Compared to related species, the male palpal bulb has a relatively simple structure. Euophrys frontalis has been recorded in Europe, Turkey, the Caucasus, Russia (from European Russia to the Russian Far East), Kazakhstan, Iran, Central Asia, China, Korea, and Japan. In Europe, it has been documented in many countries including Greece, Bulgaria, Germany, Sweden, Finland, Poland, and the United Kingdom. This species lives in a range of environments, including deciduous and coniferous forests, forest edges, gardens, and parks. It is often found on low vegetation, bushes, and tree trunks, where it actively hunts for prey.
