Callitriche muelleri Sond.

Scientific Name

Callitriche muelleri Sond.

Distribution

New Zealand Range

Callitriche muelleri is a native species. It is widespread across much of New Zealand's North Island and the northwest of the South Island. It also reaches the Kermadec Islands (Raoul Island) and Rekohu (Chatham Island).

Australian Range

In Australia, it is found throughout the coastal parts of eastern Australia, from Gympie south and west to the Great Otway National Park in Victoria. There are disjunct occurrences in Queensland, including the Atherton Tableland and Carnarvon Gorge.

Extra Range Records

Isolated records also exist from New Caledonia.

Illustrations

Refer to Figures 1 (a – b) and 1 A (a – c) in Mason 1959; Plates 1 (A – M) and 4 (1 – 4) in Schotsman (1985 c), and Fig. 10 c.

Recognition

C. muelleri is the only Callitriche species with toothed leaves. Combined with its very broadly - winged fruit, which are reddish - brown or maroon when mature, it is easily distinguishable.

Habitats and Ecology

Substrate Preferences

Throughout its range, Callitriche muelleri typically grows on bare wet mud, loam, or sand, often spreading over adjacent stones, gravel, or leaf litter. It can also be found on thin soil over paving in habitats subject to seasonal inundation and occasionally in shallow water.

Associated Vegetation

It has been recorded growing with a wide variety of species in Australia and New Zealand. It is most frequently found in various forest types, such as rainforest, wet sclerophyll forest, or notophyll rainforest, as well as Melaleuca sp. woodland and humid scrub.

New Zealand Specific Habitat

In New Zealand, it has been recorded from Podocarpus dacrydioides floodplain forest. It grows at an elevation of 8 – 1128 m.

Conservation Status

Global Status

This species is classified as Least Concern (IUCN 2012) as it is widespread, has stable populations, and faces no major threats.

New Zealand Status

In New Zealand, it is classed as Not Threatened, Secure Overseas (de Lange et al. 2018).

Additional material studied

Detailed information on specimens from Australia (New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria), New Caledonia, and New Zealand (including Chatham Island, Kermadec Island, North Island, and South Island) is provided, including collection dates, collectors, and specimen numbers.